Types of bricks and their dimensions
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What are the types of bricks?
The basic division of bricks is a distinction at:
Ceramic bricks are made of burned clay.Full burned bricks are considered the most durable.They are intended for the construction of partition and structural walls, basements and chimney flues, as well as for creating foundations.They are characterized by high compressive resistance and mechanical damage.
The chamotte brick is produced from refractory clay, which makes it resistant to rapid temperature changes.It can be used in industrial and individual construction, and is most often used to build chimneys.It is worth adding, however, that this species of brick requires a special mortar, called Szamotowa, which is a mixture of chamotte and clay.
Clinker brick is most resistant to mechanical damage, fading, mold and fungi.Therefore, it is perfect for creating facades that do not need to be plastered.
The brick holes.It works well during the construction of cover layers and partition walls and Klein ceilings.It is worth emphasizing that it is not recommended to build chimneys or structural walls.
In turn, the brick Kratówka has holes reminiscent of rhiller.Its main purpose is the construction of partition walls and cover layers.
Silicate bricks are made of sand, water and lime.Their most important features are: frost resistance, heat accumulation, moisture resistance and biological corrosion.Therefore, it is possible to maintain the optimal humidity level in the rooms.
Silicate brick in the full version is used for internal structures, and in a drilled - for the construction of external walls.
Cegła dziurawka i kratówka. (photo. Grupa Lode, Leier)What are the standard sizes of bricks?
Cegieł manufacturers offer their products in various sizes, but there are several standard:
Detailed division of bricks due to the dimensions:
1.Full brick: 250x120x65 mm (length x width x height mm).
2.Clinker brick:
3.Brick Kratówka:
4.Holekwad brick: 250x120x65 mm (dimensions may have deviations by 6 mm in length and 3-4 mm at height and width).
Hand -formed bricks usually have a dimension: DF 210x100x65 mm.It is also worth noting that manufacturers introduce their own dimensions of bricks, which differ from standard not only in size, but also in color.
Cegły klinkierowe sprawdzą się na elewacji domu. (photo. Röben)What are the other properties of bricks?
Like any masonry material, bricks are precisely classified and must meet restrictive standards.
The full brick is marked with the symbol "P", and bricks produced by traditional methods have the symbol "Z".
HD classes can be used to build without protection walls, and the LD class can only be used with protection - most often with plaster.
The absorbability of full bricks is from 5-22%, and the usual ranges between 15-20%.This feature is important because it determines frost resistance.
Full bricks are non -flammable and are characterized by high compressive resistance.They are divided into classes from 5-20 MPa, of which 10 and 15 are the most popular.
Bricks, which weigh above 3 kg, can be used for masonry of the entire building - from the basement to the highest parts of the structure.The most durable full bricks weigh up to 4 kg.
Development: M.Nowak-Ciupa
photo.Opening: Lafarge
